Classic+China

1. Leader analysis Chart: ||  ||  Title: Qin Shi Huangdi  || || Years in Power: 221 b.c.e to 210 b.c.e  || ||  ||   ||  · Building of the great wall, lengthen in 3000 miles across the northern part of China.  · Trying to influence other regions to gain territory and gain political control. ||
 * Name of Leader: Shi Huangdi
 * Lifespan: 35 years
 * Country/region: China
 * Political, Social, & Economic Conditions Prior to Leaders Gaining Power
 * Shi Huanghi forced the aristocrats to give up their region power, got the nobles to leave the regions and appeal to the court and after gained control of their feudal states.
 * China was arranged into providences ruled by bureaucrats, who were chosen by the emperor to rule over the feudal states. He got the bureaucrats by choosing with in non-aristocratic groups, if the group was chosen then they would give the power to the emperor and not develop their own independence.
 * Defeated resistances under Shi Huangdi’s rule.
 * Extended Chinas territories to gain political control over the south.
 * Influenced North Vietnam.
 * Had soldiers guard against invaders that would appose a threat to his expansionist ideals.
 * Ideology, Motivation, Goals:
 * Shi Huanghi built the Great Wall of China to create an obstacle for outside invaders trying to clan territory within China.
 * Motivations were to expand and hire more bureaucrats to gain more power over china.
 * Significant Actions & events During Term of Power
 * Huanghi attacked intellectuals to get them to pay high taxes to support the military expansion to take over more regions.
 * The building of the great wall made Shi Huanghi not a favorable emperor.
 * Killed men who he thought who could not finish or survive, punished men that he could not kill them all.
 * After Shi Huanghi’s death in 210 B.C.E there was an up rise in revolts which was organized by peasants to became aggrieved.
 * Long-Term Effects

2. ESPIRT Chart: Han Dynasty-
 * E  || *  Under the Han dynasty there was an improvement in agriculture.
 * The Han dynasty used production such as pottery and textile mills by world standards.
 * Showed more bureaucracy.
 * Created animal’s drafts to help the farming lands without causing any harm to the animals while it is pulling the plow.
 * The Han dynasties economy had a pulley system to bring materials from mines to the world to sell at the markets to make money.
 * Used iron tools to help mining and farming rather than bronze tools.  ||
 * S  || *  The society of China depended on agriculture.
 * The technology in farming increased the population of the country side. Better seeds for planting and tools helped the labor of creating rows and holes for farming.
 * Expanded on cities and manufacturing because of the trading from the advancements of agriculture.
 * Wives had to obey husbands and children had to obey the parents or the child would be punished. ||
 * P  || *  The Han dynasty extended the powers of the bureaucracy government.
 * Territories can be critically ruled because of the government set up for China.
 * Steam lining, procedures and the expansion of the bureaucratic system would change the structure of the Society. ||
 * I  || *  The Huns constantly invaded China during the dynasty: until they conquered over China and ruled created the Han dynasty.
 * Shared a trade relationship with India called the Silk Road.
 * Chinese merchants supported commercialism for trading purposes. ||
 * R  || *  The early Han dynasty followed a political thought of Legalism.
 * Drained Confucianism views of virtue to create an authority state and rule by force.
 * Children had to resume an education and take part in Chinese ceremonies. ||
 * I  || *  Researched further into astronomy and kept historical records with in China.
 * Confucianism was supported by the government and his teaching was Chinas values.
 * Developed a 365.5 day calendar and a seismograph to measure the strength of earthquakes.
 * Went through medical research to find cures for disease that would come along in the near future and help disease that existed then.
 * Daoism was not a popular but the government did not stop the ideals from spreading through China. ||
 * T  || *  Animal drafts to create rows with using plows for farming without choking the animals.
 * Iron tools- lamps to light the way when the workers were in the mines
 * Pulleys and winding gear- to bring up materials found in the mines to the surface to be used or sold.
 * Seismograph was useful technology to help measure the size and strength of an earthquake when one occurs when the tectonic plates slide against eachother. ||

3. Document: Confusianism- ** Main Idea **: Confucianism was about giving wisdom to China, when it was facing a warring period. No one could keep peace between each other. So Confucianism was supposed to bring peace and fix the problems China had with other regions. ** Summary **: It was a man named Confucius ideals to bring peace to China and stop the fighting between the other regions, China was involved with. Confucianism was supposed to bring that peace through wisdom to the people’s questions and problems. But Confucianism supports men through his wisdom. And each man got different answers from his teachings. His advice taught emperors how to gain respect from their citizens, and taught men how to become the “superior men” and be respected by their children and wife.
 * Confucianism would be the best for China because it brought about peace between the Chinese and the warring regions. It was wisdom that taught the Chinese how to gain respect. Confucian words were always given in wise advice that sounded like it was a riddle. It helped people by getting them to understand what had to be done. It showed rulers to gain respect with their citizens he had to respect them, and the citizens will give him the respect he needs. The philosophy brought about peace and order, but when Confucius passed away, the warring states came about and the peace ended between the regions.

4. Key Terms: __Shi Huangdi__: A Warrior who took power away from the Zhou dynasty in 201 B.C.E. And after 35 years from taking the throne away from Zhou, be became the leader and created the Shi dynasty. But, he was a brutal leader and took away powers from the government and took over territories to gain power for himself. __ Qin ____ : __ An imperial dynasty that brought the end to the centuries of Strife to China. __Han:__ One of the dynasties that ruled over China for 400 years. __ Zhou: __ A dynasty that existed from 1029-258 B.C.E. The dynasty promoted linguistic unity that would prevail over the middle kingdom by the Mandarin Chinese. __ Great Wall: __ A structure built by Shi Huangdi that extended over 3000 miles, wide enough for chariots to move among the wall. The great wall was built also as a defense against invaders that may want to take over territory ruled by the emperor. __ Daoism __ : A religious philosophy embracing the traditions of China’s beliefs in Harmony wand senses of nature. __Confucianism__: A religion based on the teaching of Confucius, who gave wise advice. His teachings taught how emperors could be respected if they respect their citizens and how men could became better men and have respect from their child and wife. __ Legalism __ : A religion based on authority that ruled by force during the Qin and Han dynasties. __ Bureaucracy __ : When Shi Huangdi took power away from the aristocrats that ruled over different regions. He created the bureaucrats to hold the power to give him power because they would no become independent and rebel.

5. Chapter Summary: China- China was a civilization that believed the emperor was appointed to rule by the divine heavens. Each dynasty got its name from the rulers during that time period. One Dynasty was ruled by Shi Huangdi, who ruled to gain territory and getting the aristocrat to give up their control on regions, giving him more power to rule with. Shi Huangdi built the Great Wall of China to prevent invasions from the north; causing an army to give up trying to invade because it was too long to go around and too high to climb and get all the men over. But, when Shi started to get older, he started to go senile. Killed workers who were weak and those who could not all be killed were only punished. And he killed all the workers who built his tomb so no one would find it and no one would know about it, and even killed his own son. Shi Huangdi got pottery makers to build him an entire army of his own soldiers to protect him in the afterlife. Another dynasty is the Han. The Han dynasty came about when the Hans invaded China and ruled. But the Han Dynasty improved Chinas agriculture of China. By giving it new technology; animal drafts that would not harm the animals while farming and lamps and a pulley system to make mining easier and safer, to improve conditions. The Han dynasty gave farming better population. Also the dynasty supported Confucianism (belief in the wisdom of Confucius), Daoism (was not as popular with society and the government kept the ideals spreading) and Legalism (obey authority-force rule), during the early periods of the Han dynasty. Chinas civilization was influenced by others, by trading with different regions on the Silk Road. It caused different influences for different aspects of society to help it grow and improve more.