Model+UN

The United Nations came to be known by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the time around World War II. There were 26 nations that begged their government to continue to fight as allies against the Axis powers; Germany and Japan. But before the United Nations came about, there was another peace core called the League of Nations, but it caused the start of World War II because they could not help the regions who were still damaged from the first world war. One causes was the Treaty of Versailles which came about after the defeat of Napoleon and his french army, causing them to pay for all the damage caused to be payed for leading to their stock falling. In 1945, fifty countries met in San Francisco at the United states conference on the international organization to create a charter for the United Nations. The charter was later signed on the twenty sixth of June in 1945 by the 50 nations present, until Poland signed it later leading to 51 members. Then finally on October twenty fourth 1945, when the charter created by the United Nations was ratified by China, France, the "Soviet Union", United Kingdom and the United States, the United Nations came into existence.
 * __History__**

__**Structure**__ The structure of the United Nations is based on the Charter, there are six parts of the United Nations; //the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social council, the International Court of Justice and Secretariats.// The General Assembly was a quick discussion and to decide on the issues of the international peace and security. It's purpose was to promote international peace and also for human rights. The Security Council purpose is to keep the peace and security at a level that found was good for a nation to be on. The Economic and Social council is another part of the structure because it helps promote the improvement of the economy and the society for the the citizens who live in the members states. Also another part of the structure was the International Court of Justice which is the main judicial body of the United States. Then there is the Secretariats are the comprises of the Secretary- General and the body that runs the United Nations. The Secretary-General is appointed by the General Assembly.

- indivisibility, interdependence and the interrelations - international implementation of standard human rights. - Promoting and Protecting the rights for women and girls. - awareness of and the support for the assertion of human rights. - Universal realizations.
 * __Objectives(twenty first century)__**
 * Eradication of Poverty that includes the social development and the dept cancellations.
 * The Peace, Security of a nation and the disarmament.
 * Facing the Challenges of globalization including the equity, justice and diversity.
 * Human Right
 * Sustainable development of the environment.
 * Strengthening and democratizing the United Nations and also the international organizations.

__**Bibliography**__
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Documents: AIDS/HIV media type="custom" key="8156446"

media type="custom" key="8156596"

=CAPE VERDE: Switch in donors disrupts AIDS funding= PRAIA, 11 September 2009 (PlusNews) - People living with HIV in Cape Verde are worried that the HIV/AIDS programme may be disrupted by a change in funders. The World Bank pulled out in June after supporting the programme for seven years, and a US$5.3 million grant from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria has not yet arrived.

The government was hoping to sign a contract with the Global Fund in September to complete the transition, but "Negotiations have yet to be concluded and there is no confirmation on when the donation will be made official," said Marcela Rojo, the Global Fund's spokesperson in Geneva.

"We are worried," said Daniel Delgado, president of the Esperança ("Hope" in Portuguese) Association, an NGO in the municipality of Santa Cruz, on Santiago Island, which relies on government-disbursed donor funds to distribute food parcels to orphans, HIV-positive people and their families. "The latest funds received were only enough to pay past-due bills," he told IRIN/PlusNews.

Zaida*, 40, an HIV-positive beneficiary of the food parcel programme, said she had not received anything in August: "I'm unemployed and I don't know what's going to happen to me from here on."


 * ARVs guaranteed until January**

The national HIV/AIDS programme of Cape Verde, a small archipelago off Senegal in West Africa, has managed to reduce HIV prevalence from one percent to 0.8 percent and is seen as a model for other African countries.

Zaida is among the 405 HIV-positive people receiving antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, while 631 orphans are given psychosocial support and another 260 families affected by HIV receive food parcels.

Minister of Health Basílio Mosso Ramos said the transition between donors would not have any affect on the support provided to people living with HIV and their families because the government would take responsibility for supplying ARVs and support to AIDS orphans if the first disbursement of the Global Fund grant was delayed.

Cape Verde has enough HIV test kits and ARVs to last until January 2010, but Ramos warned that a lack of funds could jeopardize the ordering of new stocks, which could take months to arrive and be distributed.


 * Problems**

"As CCS-SIDA [Coordination Committee for the Fight Against AIDS] is no longer performing the same role that it had alongside the World Bank, and because there were not enough resources to pay all of the employees, it was necessary to reduce the committee to a minimal structure," said Ramos. The CCS-SIDA staff of nine was reduced to five when World Bank funding ended in June.

He acknowledged that the government had relied on the experience of CCS-SIDA staff to successfully apply for a Global Fund grant. "The Global Fund's management requirements are much stricter than those of the World Bank - proof of this is that Cape Verde's proposal was only accepted in the eighth [funding] round," he commented.

CCS-SIDA will be the main recipient of grant money destined for the public sector, while an NGO platform will manage funds to be channelled to non-governmental HIV/AIDS organizations.

Ramos said a mission to the country by Global Fund representatives in July had found "weaknesses" and CCS-SIDA was instructed to improve its procedures for acquiring goods and services, while the NGO platform was asked to strengthen its human resource capacity and improve accounting practices.

Another Global Fund mission, expected in the next few weeks, will monitor improvements. Although no date has been set for signing the contract, the Global Fund's Rojo was confident that "the Fund will work with Cape Verde so that the first disbursement comes as quickly as possible in order to guarantee the ARV purchase process."


 * Not her real name
 * Photo
 * Film & TV

Young People Against HIV/AIDSThrough the Association Djunta Mô Pa Tchada Grande and a number of local partners, Lourenço Andrade organised a successful
HIV/AIDS awareness campaign in Cape Verde. As such a project had never been done before in their country, the positive feedback from participants has encouraged them to conduct the same activities again in 2006. The project took place on the island of Santiago, in the Achada Grande Frente neighbourhood. It was implemented in two phases, over three months, and revolved around soccer and basketball tournaments that were followed by a conference on HIV/AIDS featuring presentations by a doctor and a psychologist. These activities attracted the participation of the youths in the neighbourhood, and then information on HIV/AIDS was also shared through the following activities: The primary objectives of this project were to hold soccer and basketball tournament for the youth of the aforementioned neighborhood in order to create a sense of friendship among the youth as well as to provide a way for them to fill their free time and raise awareness of HIV/AIDS among the participants. Based on the success of the activities, these objectives have been met and similar activities will be planned in the future. "At times, the activities continued until midnight but people were not tired. Instead it was such a good atmosphere that no one wanted to go home. The several hundred partcipants consisted almost entirely of youths and some participants even came from other regions of the capital city of Praia to take part […] […] In general, the obtained results were positive, with a large social impact, involving a large number of young people and others from the neighborhood and exceeding our expections. During the activities the good behaviour and response from the public and a strong participation from the youth was evident. The interest expressed by the people and the success of the activities calls for the continuation of initiatives such as this." - Ivandro Jr. Monteiro Moniz, President of the Association Djunta Mô Pa Tchada Grande Evaluation of the project, translated into English from Portuguese. Led by Qadir Mahamoodally, the Savanne Regional Youth Council implemented a 3-day HIV/AIDS awareness workshop in Mauritius with the aim of sensitizing regional youth leaders in the disease and reducing stigmatization in the community. The residential workshop took place on 16-18 March 2007, at the Senior Citizen Recreational Centre at Pointe aux Sable and was so popular that it far exceeded expectations. Eighty-five participants eventually took part, much more than the expected 50, which resulted unfortunately in many others being declined. The debates and discussion sessions held by professionals included topics such as: It was expected that after the workshop the participants would return to their region and implement a project to sensitize their community. Examples of these projects included a music concert, visits to deprived areas and a football tournament where HIV/AIDS information were distributed amongst the participants. As mentioned by Qadir in his final report, "This project has given us the chance to learn lots of new things regarding HIV/AIDS. It is rare to get such a type of workshop here in Mauritius where you got so many youngsters interested in participating. Normally, such workshops are organized by big organizations dealing directly with HIV/AIDS but it was the first time that a youth organization had organized it. Even the minister of youth and sports, Honorable Sylvio Tang was very satisfied with this workshop and has make an appeal to other youth organizations to follow this good initiative." JUKEWJIMA (Jumuiya Ya Kuendeleza Elimu Jimbo La Makudunchi) is an organisation in Zanzibar with the main goal of improving the quality of both primary and secondary education in the Makunduchi Constituency. Ameir M. Ussi led the project but involved youth in the management and implementation of the project and they also submitted a report concerning their involvement. "The focus of this project was to raise awareness amongst teachers and students in particular and the community in general about the issue of HIV/AIDS especially in the area of infection/transmission, effects and stigmatization and discrimination. This objective was planned to be met by implementing 4 main activities with 5 subsidiary tasks. The project activities were undertaken in all nine schools of Makunduchi constituency namely; Kiongoni, Kusini, Makunduchi Secondary, Miwaleni, Kajengwa Mtende, Kizimkazi Mkunguni, Kizimkazi Dimbani and Kibuteni. Each school had to invite a minimum of 60 students in all activities of the project. The project then was expected to involve more than 540 students that is about 10.9% of the total number of students in the constituency (4947)." The main activities of this project included: Although South District is one of the least HIV/AIDS infected district among ten districts in Zanzibar, the need for imparting HIV/AIDS knowledge could not be escaped. Implementing such a project which focus on both prevention and care is necessary so that no new infection can be reported and those who are living with the viruses being supported accordingly. JUKEWJIMA attempted to undertake this initiative to young people especially those in schools as part of its basic role in the constituency. The methods used to portray the HIV/AIDS message to students were acceptable to both students and education authorities in the district. The community at its side was very impressed to the initiative taken by JUKEJIMA and call for further development of such health educative programs. As the project seems to meet its immediate objectives, the impact of the knowledge will be observed after a while.
 * Debates
 * Quiz competitions
 * Dance performances
 * Distribution of information at the sport tournaments
 * Distribution of information door-to-door
 * The current HIV/AIDS situation in Mauritius;
 * How to protect oneself against HIV/AIDS;
 * People living with AIDS;
 * How to write-up and implement projects.
 * Organise viewing of films relating to HIV/AIDS followed by discussions.
 * Conduct mini lectures sessions accompanied by role plays.
 * Organise competition among youth for song/jingle highlighting HIV/AIDS issues.
 * Organise two panel discussions on HIV/AIDS issues involving youth from local peer counseling groups.


 * HIV/AIDS**
 * **Orphans, children (0-17) orphaned by AIDS, 2007, estimate thousands**
 * **Orphans, children (0-17) orphaned by all causes, 2007, estimate thousands.**