China,+Korea+and+the+Pacific+Rim

1. Page 812-823: outline notes

East Asia in the Postwar Settlements //New Divisions and the End of Empires// MI: Throughout Asia there was no more dynasties to rule over the countries causing an end to their empire and leading to divisions. Like how because of the Korean War, Korean split into north and south. //Japanese Recovery// MI: How the Japanese recovered after the effects of World War II and the atomic bombs dropped on them which still fighting with the United States. Also, the United States occupying Japan led to their society being rebuilt, a new political system and fix their economy after what they had suffered. //Korea////: Intervention and War// MI: The start of the Korean War and how it led to the division of north and south Korea because of their conflict with one another and an intervention by trying to fix things with one another because things got worst. //Emerging Stability in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore// MI: How in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore started to become stable in their society, economic and politics after they gained their independence or how the powers that occupied them. Japan, Incorporated //Japan////’s Distinctive Political and Cultural Style// MI: The style of politics in Japan by becoming a democracy and how their cultural style remained the same. //The economic Surge// MI: How everyone’s economy started to grow at the same time causing a higher rate in their economy. The Pacific Rim: New Japans? //The Korean Miracle// MI: How the Korean started to make a break through of something by trying to go for change. //Advances in Taiwan and the City-States// MI: The advancements made in technology, medicine and politics in Taiwan because of how much it industrialized and the advancements in the city-states through more of the same thing.
 * __Taiwan__: an island that was restored to the Chinese which was ruled by a Guomindang government headed by Chiang Kai-shek.
 * United States regained the Philippines and promised to allow them independence and was able to gain back important military bases.
 * Europe restored their control over Vietnam, Malaya and Indonesia.
 * The Americans occupied the Japanese which introduced major changes so it could prevent a recurrence of military aggression.
 * Division of Korea= North Korea: brutal/ South Korea: independent
 * Even after the devastation, Japan was capable of reestablishing a vigorous economy with good enough speed.
 * //General Douglas MacArthur// was head of the American occupation government that was working to tear down Japan’s wartime political structure.
 * After the peace treaty was sign; Japan’s military was disbanded, the police were decentralized, many of the officials were removed from office and political prisoners were released.
 * American authorities pushed for Japan to be a democratic society by giving women to have the right to vote, encouraging labor unions and abolishing Shintoism as the states religion.
 * Military forces with “war potential” were abolished making the Japanese a unique major nation in its limited military strength.
 * __Liberal Democratic Party__: it monopolized the Japanese government from its formation in 1955. It was responsible for the economic reconstruction of Japan.
 * __Republic__ __of Korea__: The southern half of Korea that was supported by the United States during World War II.
 * __People’s Democratic Republic of Korea__: Controlled by the Soviet’s that occupied North Korea.
 * __Korean War__: War between North and South Korea, fighting against communism and democracy with help from General MacArthur; however the Korean War was the last time he participated because he was fire from being a general because he messed up. And the war led to the present day border splitting north and south.
 * The developing nationalist political patterns in China under the control of Chiang Kai-shek kept the people of Taiwan in check.
 * Hostility toward communist beliefs ran high in Taiwan.
 * Communist China agreed with the United States stating that they would on fire at the island of Quemoy and Matsu on alternate days, while the United States could ship supplies to them on their off days=national honor.
 * __Hong Kong__: A British colony in the Chinese mainland became a major commercial center. In 1997 China and Britain reached an agreement to return the colony to China.
 * Singapore was a large British naval base until 1971 when the British abandoned all pretense of power in East Asia.
 * Japan’s political atmosphere showed a strong cooperation with businesses.
 * The government-business coordination to promote the economic growth and export expansion.
 * The government promoted in campaigns for birth control and abortions and population growth was slowed.
 * Politics and education preserved the important traditions of the Japanese culture.
 * Customary styles in poetry, painting, tea ceremonies and flower arrangements continued to be part of the Japanese culture.
 * Before World War II, Japanese intellectuals used art and literature to protest for change, not to just blend into the Western and traditional styles.
 * Japan became one of the top between two and three economic powers in the world.
 * Leading Japanese corporations as great automobile manufacturers and electronic equipment producers.
 * Educational expansion played a major role in Japan as it began to turn out that there were more engineers.
 * Japan was able to devote most of it capital investments in productive technology because its military was depended on Japanese protection.
 * The Japanese system ensured lifetime employment to help the importance of the labor force, a policy to aid the economy, low average unemployment rates and a early retirement age.
 * Japanese management led to the adaptation of older traditions of leadership.
 * Japanese women were increasingly well educated and experiencing an important decline in birth rates but, they did not follow the western patterns.
 * The nation had fewer lawyers because they thought people could make and abide a firm arrangement through mutual agreements.
 * Psychiatrists reported fewer problems from their patients about loneliness and alienation.
 * Businessmen and some politicians had resourced to traditional geisha houses for female supplied cosseting.
 * Pollution became as the Japanese cities and industries expanded rapidly.
 * Traffic police wore masks to protect their lungs from the pollutions smog.
 * Server economic recession caused a widespread unemployment.
 * South Korea was a spread of new economic dynamism.
 * //Syngman Rhee// was forced out of power by student protests, led to //Chung-hee// to take power. However he was assassinated by his director of intelligence.
 * South Korea’s government was placed as a primary emphasis on economic growth.
 * Huge industry firms were created by combining the government aid and the active entrepreneurship.
 * Korea was competing successfully in the area of cheap consumer goods, steel and automobiles.
 * Hyundai: a huge industrial group that represented the great Japanese holding companies before and after World War II and wielded great political influence.
 * Taiwan experienced a high rate of economic development.
 * Productivity in agriculture and industry quickly increased. The former spur of land reforms benefited small commercialized farms.
 * Money poured into education and literacy rates and levels of technical training rose quickly.
 * Traditional medical practices and ritualistic popular religion remained lively but, expanded to allow simultaneous use of modern western medicine.
 * Japan served as the nations more important trading partner, purchasing food, manufactured textile, chemicals and other industrial goods.
 * Taiwan developed informal links with the communist regime in Beijing although it was still claimed as part of their territory.
 * __Chiang Ching-kuo__: son of Chiang Kai-shek; he succeeded his father as ruler of Taiwanese government in 1978. He attempted to lessen the gap between the people who followed his father and the indigenous islanders.
 * __Lee Kuan Yew__: ruler of Singapore after it gained its independence in 1959. Established tight authoritarian controlled government.
 * Singapore was manufacturing and banking surpassed shipping sources of revenue. Electronics, textiles and oil joined shipbuilding.
 * Education levels and health conditions improved accordingly.
 * Hong Kong retained its statues as a major world port and branched out as a center of international banking, served as a bridge between the communist regime and wider world.

//Common Themes and New Problems// MI: How in Asia everything was the same thing and followed the same pattern within their society to help built up a better political system and economy. Yet, everything following the same theme it caused new problems rather then preventing.
 * Besides the Pacific Rim having rapid economic growth and expanding exports, they also stressed group loyalties against excessive protests in support of hard work.
 * The Pacific Rim shared reliance on government planning and the direction on limitations in dissent and instability.
 * Thailand experienced economic growth but also suffered along with pollution problems.
 * In the 20th century there was an unexpected weakness: growth faltered, unemployment rose and currency from South Korea to Indonesia took a drastic hit.
 * Western observers said that the crisis could be solved if there was a reduction in links between government and major firms and introduce more free market competition.