Western+Europe



1. Notes __Impact of Christianity (490-600)__ __Reign of Charles Martel and Viking Raids (600-755)__
 * The Christian church became the new "information highway". It controlled the information that went in and out, the beliefs of the kingdom and the attitudes.
 * Religion ignored the worldy knowledge,science, literature and art that was not related to their beliefs or was going against them.
 * Churches gained political advantages when allowed by the ruling king.
 * When other regions in Western Europe converted it gave the churches land, wealth and influence over other kingdoms.
 * Absolute Monarchy
 * Charles Martel:**
 * Expanded the Frankish empire to cover most of Europe.
 * Created a powerful Kingdom during his reign.
 * He pioneered the use of the newly advanced stripps that allowed his soldiers to weild their weapons with any mishaps.


 * Viking Raids:**
 * Vikings began their raids at the unprotected costal lands of Britian.
 * Monastaries were a common target for Vikings because they were not defended.
 * Captured slaves
 * The Vikings region however was overpopulated and farming could not support it.

__The Rise of the Franks (755-840)__
 * The Franks rose because of their military excellence, their Geo-politics, politics in general, the Franks centrilization and their leadership.
 * In 919 the duke of thr saxony took over the throne of East Francia and was considered that first king of Germany. Would expand German control to the east.

__Feudalism (840-967)__
 * //Feudalism:// A social system that stated when the kingdom was under a server war, vessels were protected by their lords until the fighting stopped and it became safe.

__Christianity and the Middle Ages and expansion of the Roman empire (967-1060)__ __Effects of the Crusades, Norman conquest of England and Magna Carta (1060-1240)__
 * When Christianity started to expand barbarians stoped their raids and became catholics.
 * Population started to increase causing settlements to become larger.
 * Start of the Churches domination.
 * Crusades was a consequence of wars and invasions over the years.

media type="custom" key="7514693" The Magna Carta was a document created in Western Europe that was based on heirs to land and how it should be dealt with in certain cases. It stated that the king had the power of god and be chosen to rule by god. The magna carta also states the social scale for different religious leaders and how they are ranked within the society by power or importance. And it also states what happens if someone pasts away and what happens to their land, that it gives over what ever they owned to the heir. But if the heir chosen is not of the right age, then they can not take the land away until he is old enough. Also it shows what happens if one went against the law in the society. And it also shows how woman started to get alittle bit of rights and how they could not be blamed for false accusations brought upon them by other people, mostly men. media type="custom" key="7530081"
 * Day 2:**

media type="custom" key="7530063"
 * Feudalism was a social system based on the politics and the military of western Europe. It was part of what created the feudal government during the 9th to the 15th centuries of medieval times. The feudal system was created during the invasions and rules of William the first. The citizens were protected by the lord of the land. But under the feudal system brought together the regions and caused them to flourish.
 * Manorialism came from the villa system and a rudal society. seigneuries were around during manorialism and that was the name given to them for following that set of system. Manorialism was characterized by the characterists of the legal and economic power that was supported by the lord. It was also around the medieval times, but it was eventually replaced with the tought of money causing it to die off slowly.

Espirit Chart: E:
 * In western europe, their economy was based around trade.
 * Gained more larger changes in agriculture for medieval life.
 * Western Europe because of the urban growth that allowed them to specialized in manufactoring and commercialism with their societies.
 * Started banking operations; merchants invested in funds for trading ships.
 * Western Europe created the Hanseatic League to help encourage trade.
 * Post and trading fair were located at low cautities and France.
 * Merchants created their own commercialsim code law to follow for doing trade.
 * High rents and taxes were imposed on the serfs.

S:
 * The regions of western europe had a rural life; improvements.
 * Peasants were usually the workers of the regions.
 * Western societywas not as tolerant as Muslim and Indian societies.
 * **Guilds**: Group of people that were in the same business in a single city.
 * Nobles used trade to improve their standard of living and adapted to new habits.
 * Manorialism: was the style that ruled the relationships between the landlords and the serfs.

P:

Notes: Decline of the Medieval Synthesis - The available land gained was already used up. - Since their was no new technology or any improved technology so it added to the agricultural problem.
 * A major war between France and England broke out during the fourteenth and fifthteen century and caused symptoms and larger difficulties within their regions of western europe.
 * The Hundred year was caused France to show a sign of weakness within their monarchy.
 * Agriculture during medieval times could keep up with the growing population.
 * **Black Death**: A plague that fell on europe for several centeries; starting in 1348. The black death challenged the population of europe and also their social structure.
 * In the fourteenth century the ruling class of the medieval society and the landowners started to become confused with the new society.
 * The Nobility class chose to emphasize the rich ceremonial style of life. They chose to do tournaments to see who was better and also the idea of competative games; for example jousting.
 * (Chivarly): was carefully controlled, had to have polite behavior within the society and the community and also chivarly included that men in western europe had to be polite when they were in the presants of a woman. Meaning that they could not be rude.
 * The churches became weakened when the pope returned to Rome.
 * The Church became so preoccupied with their political involvement in the society that they payed little attention to the spiritual side of their worshipping religion.
 * The Church became less tolerant of intellectuals, after the work of the italian scholar Aquinas, stating that his work was herotical.

__Summary__: Western Europe revolved around trade to help their societies, but fighting broke out amongst the regions of western europe, causing the declines of that region of Europe. But the decline was also caused by the black death and the agriculture was a factor of their fall. But they tried to rebuilt with a new social structure but it started to confuse the higher classes for power. Yet some tried to make the fall better by creating games to help the people foreget the darker times. The churches however during this time foregot about their spiritual ways and were too focused on their involvement in politics causing the church to become weakened.